It uses packet switching and virtual circuits, and provides a data rate up to 64kbps. Thus, in general, framerelay is less expensive than dedicated wan lines, but customers are not guaranteed bandwidth. Frame relay connects a lan to a lan through a wan by allowing you to share the cost of bandwidth. Frame relay is a layer 2 data link widearea networking wan protocol that operates. As a switch, athena provides wan connectivity to frame relay, x. In the older technology, the network delays, protocol overheads and equipment cost were the major drawbacks. Basic concepts of frame relay explained in easy language. Frame relay is a popular high performance wan protocol that operates at the physical and data link layers of the osi reference model. All the slides are explained in a very simple manner. Frame relay works at the datalink layer of the osi model and provides data transfer rates from 56 kbps to 1. Edit your published post entitled this is the title of your first post, add your own text, images or. Apr 04, 2017 x 25 frame relay packet switching part 1 this video will focus on x.
In many cases, frame relay is more efficient than x. Relay what is frame relay frame relay operation frame relay vs x. Flow control frame relay fr doesnt perform flow control between frame handlers fr routers. This tutorial explains how to configure frame relay step by step. Difference between frame relay and atm with comparison. Studies have shown that frame relay based routers can process 10 times as many frames as routers relying on x.
Mar 25, 2015 frame relay is a packetswitching telecommunication service designed for costefficient data transmission for intermittent traffic between local area networks lans and between endpoints in wide area networks wans. In my posts, i use the term frame to represent a data link layer unit of information, and the term packet to represent a network layer unit of information. Configuring a pointtomultipoint frame relay wan free ccna. Also, the bandwidth used is allocated by the committed information rate cir value defined on the permanent virtual circuit pvc. Based on the various performance metrics, the comparative study demonstrates that atm has less delay compared to the x. This lab will discuss and demonstrate the configuration and verification of multipoint frame relay interfaces. Comprehensive guide to configuring and troubleshooting frame. It begins at level 2 by testing for a valid frame and checking whether the frame contains user data or control information. It was originally defined by the international telegraph and telephone consultative committee ccitt, now itut in a series of drafts and finalized in a publication known as the orange book in 1976. Frame relay is a packetswitching telecommunication service designed for costefficient data transmission for intermittent traffic between local area networks lans and between endpoints in wide area networks wans. Frame relay frame relay is a highperformance wan protocol that operates at the physical and data link layers of the osi reference model. Oct 21, 2015 frame relay provides a simple method to multiplex packets frames on a single access serial link like a t1 circuit headed for multiple distant destinations. In this section we discuss two endtoend wideareanetworking wan technologies, namely, x.
Jan 24, 2018 once a frame relay circuit is established using ppp over frame relay, all incoming and outgoing packets on this circuit are under rfc 1973 pppin frame relay encapsulation compliance until this dlci is removed from the configuration. The breakdown of the frame relay frame format components is listed in the table below. Frame relay vs cell relay atm frame relay is defined up to 2 mbps. Frame relay tutorial difference between frame relay vs x25 protocol signalling types epabx system basics circuit switching vs packet switching message switching vs packet switching optical switching basics and types transmission vs switching system types. In the first layer physical another overhead is added, which includes the header and the trailer. Frame relay is generally purchased as an alternative to a dedicated leased. Frame relay is considered to be a more efficient version of x. Nov 02, 2005 frame relay is an industrystandard, switched data link layer protocol that handles multiple virtual circuits using highlevel data link control hdlc encapsulation between connected devices. Frame relay is a widearea network with the following features. The cloud is the frame providers network, and the customer has no control or even.
Frame relay allows for a single serial interface on the router to connect multiple remote sites with the help of virtual circuits. Frame relay is a type of wan connection use to connect one site to many remote sites through a single physical circuit, this operation makes it easy to construct reliable read more. Internet protocol or ethernet or frame relay that use variable sized packets and frames. The simulation results demonstrate that the atm has. Introduced in the early 1980s and popular in europe up through the mid 1990s, x. This page is sporadically maintained and incomplete. Frame relay computer network communications protocols.
Pse dte are usually terminals dce devices are communication devices such as modems and packet switches and pse as generally located in carriers. Frame relay often is described as a streamlined version of x. Configuring a pointtomultipoint frame relay wan when it comes to the hub and spoke topology, the hub is most commonly deployed with a pointtomultipoint interface. To understand much of the functionality of frame relay, it is helpful to understand the structure of the frame relay frame. Frame relay is one of the most popular wan service deployed over the past decade. Frame relay began as a strippeddown version of the x. Frame relay is a standardized wide area network technology that specifies the physical and. What are the advantages of frame relay over x25 answers. Atm 2 a vc exists only while data is being transmitted on it, and all cells in a given atm. As a multiprotocol concentrator, athena aggregates different devices and protocols into a seamless backbone.
It includes a bibliography and a set of www sites with information on frame relay networks. The following figure illustrates a frame relay frame ansi t1. X25 tutorial x25 protocol layer basics x25 frame tutorials. Link layer provides for the reliable transfer of data across the physical link by transmitting the data as a sequence frames. The frame relay has separate logical channel for the call control. The service, once widely available and implemented, is in the process of being discontinued by major internet service. Frame relay provides the statistical multiplexing interface of x. Frame relay fragmentation implementation agreement frf. New book cisco voice over frame relay, atm, and ip. It was originally defined by the international telegraph and telephone consultative committee ccitt, now itut in a series of drafts and finalized in a publication known as the orange book in 1976 this makes it one of the oldest packetswitching communication protocols available. Even though several advanced technologies such as vpn, atm are available today, frame relay still rocks and will be in near future due to its features, benefits and lower cost in comparison with other point to point wan services. Packets may not be delivered in the same sequence as that at the sending end. The frames in frame relay contain an expanded link layer address field that enables frame relay nodes to direct frames to their destinations with minimal processing. Presently, it is used for networks for atms and credit card verification.
This is primarily due to the fact that frame relay services typically are carried by more reliable access and backbone facilities. The screen shot below is an example of the displayed data. All locations plug into the frame relay cloud, which is a conglomeration of dozens or hundreds of framerelay switches and routers. When frame relay detects an error, it simply drops the offending packet. Ppt frame relay powerpoint presentation free to download.
This is because frame relay typically operates over wan facilities that offer more reliable connection services and a. This is possible because frame relay relies on digital transmission technology. Note that the frame relay operates only on frames because the protocol includes no network layer functionality. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Frame relay performs packet switching on osi layer 2 datalink. Frame relay is a wide area fast packet switching technology that offers an intelligent. It was originally designed for use in the 1970s and became very popular in 1980s.
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